ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the application and effect of the PDCA cycle nursing management model in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis.@*Methods @#Thirty patients with peri-implant mucositis were treated nonsurgically. Before treatment, the 30 patients had no history of systemic diseases, drug allergies, or bad habits. According to the principle of single-blind randomized control, the patients were divided into two groups: 15 patients were assigned to the control group and received routine clinical nursing and oral hygiene education according to the doctor′s prescription; and 15 patients were assigned to the intervention group, in which the PDCA cycle nursing management model was adopted. The four steps of “plan, do, check and act” were carried out. The plaque index (PL), gingival index (GI) and probe depth (PD) in the two groups were recorded before treatment and 3 and 6 months after treatment.@*Results@# There was no significant difference in the PL, GI or PD between the intervention group and the control group before treatment (P > 0.05). Three months after treatment, the PL in the intervention group was 1.25 ± 0.44, while the PL in the control group was 1.49 ± 0.39, with a significant difference (t=2.56, P=0.008); the GI in the intervention group was 1.21 ± 0.43, while the GI in the control group was 1.56 ± 0.37, with significant difference (t=2.94, P=0.006); and the PD in the intervention group was 4.39 ± 0.41 while the PD in the control group was 4.47 ± 0.52 mm, with no significant difference (t=2.24, P=0.062). Six months after treatment, the PL in the intervention group was 1.26 ± 0.48, while the PL in the control group was 1.51 ± 0.42, with a significant difference (t=2.66, P=0.007); the GI in the intervention group was 1.34 ± 0.28, while the GI in the control group was 1.74 ± 0.48 (t=2.98, P=0.008); and the PD in the intervention group was 4.46 ± 0.52 mm, while the PD in the control group was 4.54 ± 0.66, with no significant difference (t=2.28, P=0.077).@*Conclusion @#The PDCA cycle nursing management model can enhance patients′ awareness of oral health maintenance, reduce gingival plaque accumulation, and effectively improve the health status of peri-implant tissues.
ABSTRACT
Brain iron deposition has been proposed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD).The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of brain iron accumulation with the severity of cognitive impairment in patients with AD by using quantitative MR relaxation rate R2' measurements.Fifteen patients with AD,15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls,and 30 healthy volunteers underwent 1.5T MR multi-echo T2 mapping and T2* mapping for the measurement of transverse relaxation rate R2'(R2'=R2*-R2).We statistically analyzed the R2' and iron concentrations of bilateral hippocampus (HP),parietal cortex (PC),frontal white matter (FWM),putamen (PU),caudate nucleus (CN),thalamus (TH),red nucleus (RN),substantia nigra (SN),and dentate nucleus (DN)of the cerebellum for the correlation with the severity of dementia.Two-tailed t-test,Student-Newman-Keuls test (ANOVA) and linear correlation test were used for statistical analysis.In 30 healthy volunteers,the R2' values of bilateral SN,RN,PU,CN,globus pallidus (GP),TH,and FWM were measured.The correlation with the postmortem iron concentration in normal adults was analyzed in order to establish a formula on the relationship between regional R2' and brain iron concentration.The iron concentration of regions of interest (ROI) in AD patients and controls was calculated by this formula and its correlation with the severity of AD was analyzed.Regional R2' was positively correlated with regional brain iron concentration in normal adults (r=0.977,P＜0.01).Iron concentrations in bilateral HP,PC,PU,CN,and DN of patients with AD were significantly higher than those of the controls (P＜0.05); Moreover,the brain iron concentrations,especially in parietal cortex and hippocampus at the early stage of AD,were positively correlated with the severity of patients' cognitive impairment (P＜0.05).The higher the R2' and iron concentrations were,the more severe the cognitive impairment was.Regional R2' and iron concentration in parietal cortex and hippocampus were positively correlated with the severity of AD patients' cognitive impairment,indicating that it may be used as a biomarker to evaluate the progression of AD.